In In re Estate of Martinez, a son appealed an order finding that his mother’s holographic will devised certain property to his daughter. No. 04-22-00708-CV, 2024 Tex. App. LEXIS 1258 (Tex. App.—San Antonio February 21, 2024, no pet. history). The court of appeals affirmed. The court stated as follows concerning the contents of the will:

The first page of the will provides Marilyn’s late second husband was “to get everything if I die first to include all my belongings, valuables, jewelry.” It then provides: “I will list what special items to give to who.” Marilyn devised 69 acres in Cambellton, Texas “[e]qually” to Clifton, Desiray, and Desiray’s two siblings. The second page first lists a property located on Peterson Avenue in San Antonio and next to it states: “Desi Lives here.” The will then lists a property located on Kingley Drive in San Antonio and states Marilyn and her second husband “live here.”

Id. The daughter argued that by listing who lived in the property, the executrix was stating who the property should go to and the father disagreed as there was no clear language bequeathing the property to his daughter (if he was correct, then the property was not included in the will and would pass to him by intestacy). The court of appeals affirmed the trial court’s finding and agreed with the daughter:

In reviewing the will’s language, considering its provisions as a whole, and attempting to harmonize them so as to give effect to the testatrix’s intent, it is clear Marilyn intended to devise the property she listed in the will. Marilyn was a layperson and no evidence was presented she “received legal assistance in drafting the will or was otherwise familiar with technical meanings.” Although not a paragon of precision, the will plainly states Marilyn’s second husband was “to get everything if I die first to include all my belongings, valuables, jewelry.” It then provides “I will list what special items to give to who.” Marilyn then listed certain property to be devised by the will. Although she did not state to whom the Peterson and Kingley properties would be devised, she did identify by name who lived at each property. And harmonizing that language with her intent as a whole and according the will a liberal construction, we conclude Marilyn intended to devise the two properties to the named persons occupying them. This interpretation also permits this court to reject an interpretation requiring us to conclude Marilyn did a “useless thing” by listing the properties in the will for no reason at all.

Id.

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Photo of David Fowler Johnson David Fowler Johnson

[email protected]
817.420.8223

David maintains an active trial and appellate practice and has consistently worked on financial institution litigation matters throughout his career. David is the primary author of the The Fiduciary Litigator blog, which reports on legal cases and issues impacting the fiduciary…

[email protected]
817.420.8223

David maintains an active trial and appellate practice and has consistently worked on financial institution litigation matters throughout his career. David is the primary author of the The Fiduciary Litigator blog, which reports on legal cases and issues impacting the fiduciary field in Texas. Read More

David’s financial institution experience includes (but is not limited to): breach of contract, foreclosure litigation, lender liability, receivership and injunction remedies upon default, non-recourse and other real estate lending, class action, RICO actions, usury, various tort causes of action, breach of fiduciary duty claims, and preference and other related claims raised by receivers.

David also has experience in estate and trust disputes including will contests, mental competency issues, undue influence, trust modification/clarification, breach of fiduciary duty and related claims, and accountings. David’s recent trial experience includes:

  • Representing a bank in federal class action suit where trust beneficiaries challenged whether the bank was the authorized trustee of over 220 trusts;
  • Representing a bank in state court regarding claims that it mismanaged oil and gas assets;
  • Representing a bank who filed suit in probate court to modify three trusts to remove a charitable beneficiary that had substantially changed operations;
  • Represented an individual executor of an estate against claims raised by a beneficiary for breach of fiduciary duty and an accounting; and
  • Represented an individual trustee against claims raised by a beneficiary for breach of fiduciary duty, mental competence of the settlor, and undue influence.

David is one of twenty attorneys in the state (of the 84,000 licensed) that has the triple Board Certification in Civil Trial Law, Civil Appellate and Personal Injury Trial Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization.

Additionally, David is a member of the Civil Trial Law Commission of the Texas Board of Legal Specialization. This commission writes and grades the exam for new applicants for civil trial law certification.

David maintains an active appellate practice, which includes:

  • Appeals from final judgments after pre-trial orders such as summary judgments or after jury trials;
  • Interlocutory appeals dealing with temporary injunctions, arbitration, special appearances, sealing the record, and receiverships;
  • Original proceedings such as seeking and defending against mandamus relief; and
  • Seeking emergency relief staying trial court’s orders pending appeal or mandamus.

For example, David was the lead appellate lawyer in the Texas Supreme Court in In re Weekley Homes, LP, 295 S.W.3d 309 (Tex. 2009). The Court issued a ground-breaking opinion in favor of David’s client regarding the standards that a trial court should follow in ordering the production of computers in discovery.

David previously taught Appellate Advocacy at Texas Wesleyan University School of Law located in Fort Worth. David is licensed and has practiced in the U.S. Supreme Court; the Fifth, Seventh, and Eleventh Federal Circuits; the Federal District Courts for the Northern, Eastern, and Western Districts of Texas; the Texas Supreme Court and various Texas intermediate appellate courts. David also served as an adjunct professor at Baylor University Law School, where he taught products liability and portions of health law. He has authored many legal articles and spoken at numerous legal education courses on both trial and appellate issues. His articles have been cited as authority by the Texas Supreme Court (twice) and the Texas Courts of Appeals located in Waco, Texarkana, Beaumont, Tyler and Houston (Fourteenth District), and a federal district court in Pennsylvania. David’s articles also have been cited by McDonald and Carlson in their Texas Civil Practice treatise, William v. Dorsaneo in the Texas Litigation Guide, and various authors in the Baylor Law ReviewSt. Mary’s Law JournalSouth Texas Law Review and Tennessee Law Review.

Representative Experience

  • Civil Litigation and Appellate Law